Edu:ESAO

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Educational Series on Applied Ontology (ESAO)

IAOA is currently setting up a new educational effort under the name Educational Series on Applied Ontology (ESAO) that shall be suited for learning about topics of Applied Ontology, primarily established basics and foundations. The series is inspired by the Interdisciplinary Schools on Applied Ontology (ISAO), but - in times of the Corona pandemic - it is complementary in format and its overall approach.

ESAO is being planned as a long-term effort. It was prominently started with a launch event in hybrid format on Sep 10, 2021 (Fri), preceding FOIS 2021 (Sep 13-16) in Bozen-Bolzano, Italy. Likewise the ESAO Launch Day was part of the second Bolzano Summer of Knowledge (BoSK 2021).

Key Idea

The key idea of ESAO is a combination of (1) an archive of educational material and (2) a webinar series for presentation and exchange on that material.

For (1), we aim at creating an archive of short (10-20 min), self-contained units of educational material (videos, web-, screen- and podcasts, a.o.) that is available to be streamed on demand. Any such unit can originate from recording a live session, but likewise it can be produced in any other suitable way. The purpose is the material as such and making it accessible.

Concerning (2), an accompanying webinar series shall present the material and allow for personal interaction about its topics in a variety of formats, e.g. as live presentation with subsequent discussion, as question and answer sessions or panel discussions on a few units together for further digestion (then expected to have been “consumed” already), as well as further formats may be proposed.

We look forward to everyone interested and invite you to join the webinars!

14th ESAO Session on December 17th, 2024

December 2024 brings a new ESAO session.

When and how to connect

Program

15:00-16:30 UTC / 16:00-17:30 CET / 17:00-18:30 SAST / 12:00-13:30 UTC-3

Sergio De Cesare, University of Westminster, Uk
Ontology-driven conceptual modelling: a 4D perspective
Abstract: Conceptual modelling underpins all activities related to information systems development, integration and evolution. As digitalisation increases within and across organisations, significant problems arise when developing or changing business requirements, maintaining existing systems and exchanging data between them. Many of the problems that arise are due to the semantic inconsistencies in the underlying models of such systems. This seminar will discuss how a 4D foundational ontology (BORO) and its method for semantic improvement (bCLEARer) can provide the basis for increased ontological clarity and consistency of conceptual models by working on and semantically reengineering data from existing information systems. The seminar will explain BORO’s top-level ontology, its criteria of identity and its meta-ontological choices. It will then present examples of how the method helps to semantically re-engineer and improve models/data from existing systems.
Maria Keet, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Competency questions
Abstract: TBA

13th ESAO Session on November 12th, 2024

November 2024 brings a new ESAO session.

When and how to connect

Program

15:00 - 16:00 UTC / 16:00 - 17:00 CET / 17:00 - 18:00 SAST / 12:00 - 13:00 UTC-3

Sandra Lovrencic, University of Zagreb Faculty of organization and informatics / postponed
Concepts
Abstract: TBA
Jérôme Euzenat, INRIA & Univ. Grenoble Alpes, France
Ontology evolution
Abstract: Unless considering ontologies as transcendental and perfect, they need to evolve. This may be because the world they represent evolves or the purpose they fulfill requires it. In general, what triggers evolution is the inadequacy of an ontology. Restoring it may be carried out by human designers or automatic means, but it is worthwhile that they follow rules. In this short presentation, we will discuss two techniques that may help evolving ontologies: belief revision and artificial cultural evolution. How they are different and how they are alike.

12th ESAO Session on October 1st, 2024

October 2024 brings a new ESAO session.

When and how to connect

Program

10:00-11:30 EDT / 14:00-15:30 UTC / 16:00-17:30 CEST / 16:00-17:30 SAST / 11:00-12:30 UTC-3

Oliver Kutz, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
Concepts, concept combinations, and the tooth operator
Abstract: We will discuss some of the approaches to model concepts and concept combinations with the help of logic, and illustrate how such modelling approaches are capable (or not) of modelling aspects of human reasoning with concepts. We will then explain the basic ideas underlying the framework of weighted description logics, also called perceptron or 'tooth' logic, and illustrate its key features and benefits for modelling and reasoning with concepts.
Maria Hedblom, Jönköping University, Sweden
Cognitive foundations for KR
Abstract: Some of the main cognitive theories for human conceptualisation and reasoning propose that there are a finite number of cognitive patterns laying the foundation for meaning and symbol grounding. Such patterns are essential in semantic modelling and could with benefits be knowledge representation. This introductory talk will present some perspectives on these cognitive patterns and relate them to formal theories in knowledge representation.

11th ESAO Session on July 9th, 2024, together with FOIS 2024 online

July 2024 brings a new ESAO session.

When and how to connect

Program

10:30-12:00 EDT / 14:30-16:00 UTC / 16:30-18:00 CEST / 16:30-18:00 SAST / 11:30-13:00 UTC-3

Panelists: Pascal Hitzler (Kansas State University), Pawel Garbacz (The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin), Fabian Neuhaus (Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg), Luciano Serafini (Fondazione Bruno Kessler), John Beverley (University of Buffalo)
Moderator: Mehwish Alam (Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France)
Applied Ontologies in the the Neuro-symbolic Age
Abstract: In the evolving landscape of AI, the panel on "Applied Ontologies in the Age of Neuro-Symbolic AI" will discuss the integration of symbolic AI (based on knowledge representation and formal logic) and statistical (based on artificial neural networks). The aim is to cover a broader overview on the topic, some definitions, impact on research in both statistical and symbolic AI (and in other fields), and future perspectives.
Details: See details

10th ESAO Session on December 19th, 2023

December 2023 brings a new ESAO session.

When and how to connect

Program

09:00-10:30 EDT / 14:00-15:30 UTC / 15:00-16:30 CET / 16:00-17:30 SAST / 11:00-12:30 UTC-3 (30 min each presentation + discussions)

Mara Abel (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)
Ontology application in the petroleum industry
Abstract: The petroleum production chain configures a complex sequence of activities that require specialized knowledge and large volume of information from diverse sources and types. Considering the high level of requested knowledge, several specialized providers assume part of the activities producing information and data that are integrated during process decision, production monitoring, and optimization. In this non-standardize scenario, semantic treatment becomes a key issue to allow interoperability between systems and enterprise information consumption. Ontology engineering came with the adequate tools for dealing with semantic in this environment nowadays, by orienting the development of domain ontologies and the embodiment of the ontology artifacts into information system applications. This talk will describe use cases of domain ontologies in petroleum industry environment for information retrieval, expert system applications, digital twin for implementation and decision making applications, highlighting details of the each project development.
Bio: Mara Abel is geologist and doctor in Computer Science, studying knowledge engineering applied to Petroleum Industry. She is a retired titular professor of UFRGS, in Brasil, where she has been dedicated to investigate and build ontologies for dealing with interoperability problems in petroleum industry. She is co-founder of the knowledge-based software company ENDEEPER and she has conceived several successful industrial applications for reservoir characterization and production optimization in industrial cooperation projects.
Slides: Slides
Emilio Sanfilippo (National Research Council of Italy)
Ontologies in Digital Humanities: Some Research Challenges
Abstract: Ontologies are extensively used in both research and applications within the realm of digital humanities, with one of the most notable examples being the CIDOC-CRM ontology and its extensions. Similarly to other domains of application, ontologies within the digital humanities serve diverse purposes, including the seamless organization of datasets across multiple organizations to enable their smooth sharing and integration. However, within this landscape, critical studies pertaining to the interpretive reception of artworks – or any entity central to humanities research – have remained at the margins of knowledge representation and data modeling efforts. Consequently, while numerous digital platforms offer ontology-based datasets, only a few explicitly address the interpretive dimension of scholarly inquiries. This absence is somewhat surprising considering the significance of interpretive phenomena in critical studies of fine art, literature, music, theater, and other disciplines. During this presentation, I will briefly explore the utilization of ontologies in the digital humanities, discussing the challenges researchers must confront, in my opinion, to comprehend the multifaceted nature of scholarly research in the humanities. These challenges encompass the development of methodologies and formal models to represent scholarly interpretations and debates.
Bio: Emilio Sanfilippo is a permanent researcher at the National Research Council of Italy, affiliated with the Laboratory for Applied Ontology (LOA) within the Institute for Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC). His research encompasses foundational and applied topics concerning the utilization of ontologies in both industrial engineering and the digital humanities. Presently, he serves as the principal investigator of the MITE project - Make it Explicit: Documenting interpretations of literary fictions with conceptual formal models, funded by the Italian Ministry for University and Research (MUR).

9th ESAO Special Session@FOIS online 2023 on September 19th, 2023

September 2023 brings a special ESAO session at FOIS online 2023.

When and how to connect

Program

11:00-11:30 EDT / 15:00-15:30 UTC / 17:00-17:30 CEST / 17:00-17:30 SAST (30 min presentations + discussions)

Claudio Masolo (LOA, Italy), Laure Vieu (IRIT, France), Patrick Koopmann (VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands), Frank Loebe (University of Leipzig, Germany)
The notion of property
Abstract: The aim is to discuss on the broad overview on property readings, definitions, and use under the perspectives of different domains (philosophy, cognitive science, formal linguistics, ontology engineering).

8th ESAO Special Session on June 12th, 2023

June 2023 brings a special ESAO session with James Hampton (London, UK)

When and how to connect

Program

10:00-11:15 EDT / 14:00-15:15 UTC / 16:00-17:15 / 16:00-17:15 SAST (50 min talk + discussion)

James Hampton (City, University of London, UK)  
The psychology and philosophy of concept combination
Abstract: I will review a wider range of research into the problem of how prototype concepts combine. When nouns are placed in a noun-noun compound, (e.g. CRIMINAL LAWYER) different strategies can be used in English to arrive at a semantic interpretation. I will discuss some of the processes involved, and the effects of stress. The second part of my talk will examine how people interpret logical connectives when applied to vague semantic categories such as Vehicle or Fruit. Finally I will present some new data looking at how people judge a conjunction of two vague predicates, as in "These sunglasses are large and dark" where both size and shade of a set of sunglasses are distributed around a vague boundary.

7th ESAO Webinar on May 10, 2023

May 2023 brings about the seventh of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00-10:30 EST / 14:00-14:30 UTC / 16:00-16:30 CET / 16:00-16:30 SAST
Enrico Franconi (Free University of Bozen-Bolzano) and Daniele Porello (University of Genoa)  
Pros and cons of DLs for applied ontologists

6th ESAO Webinar on Feb 14, 2023

February 2023 brings about the sixth of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00-10:30 EST / 15:00-15:30 UTC / 16:00-16:30 CET / 17:00-17:30 SAST
Patrick Koopmann (Dresden): DL & Semantic Web,  
Using Abduction to Explain Missing Entailments in OWL Ontologies
Abstract: With increasing complexity, understanding and debugging ontologies becomes a challenging task without the appropriate tool support. In particular, inferences performed by a reasoner may not always be straight-forward, meaning they may produce entailments that we did not expect, or fail to produce entailments that we did expect. While there are different techniques to explain entailments, this talk focusses on the problem of explaining why something does not follow from the ontology. In particular, we explain how abduction may be used towards solving this issue, and discuss challenges and solutions for performing abduction in practice.
Slides: PDF (ca. 2.0 MB) [tentative link]

5th ESAO Webinar on Dec 14, 2022

December 2022 brings about the fifth of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00 EST / 16:00 CET
Nathalie Aussenac-Gilles,   Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse and CNRS, Toulouse, France
From Semantic metadata to an ontology-based legal decision support system for data sharing
Abstract: With the increasing availability of open datasets, data sharing becomes an evidence, in particular in the research domain. The FAIR principles have provided some guidelines to facilitate data sharing. They strongly recommend the use of semantic, machine processable and standard metatada. Nevertheless, these metadata are not sufficient to check if the data sharing is compatible with data sharing regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), other regulations about AI-based data analysis, or even the anticipation of inappropriate reuses of data. In the first part of my talk I will illustrate the advantages and limitations of semantic metadata. Then I will expose a research line based on collaborations with lawyers to design a rule-based and ontology-based support system that could guide data producers in their decision to share data according tho regulations and preferences.
Slides: available here

4th ESAO Webinar on Oct 18, 2022

October 2022 brings about the fourth of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00 EDT / 16:00 CEST
Clement Jonquet,   French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Mathematics, Informatics and Statistics for Environment and Agronomy research unit, Montpellier, France
O'FAIRe: Ontology FAIRness Evaluator in the AgroPortal semantic resource repository
Abstract:O’FAIRe, the Ontology FAIRness Evaluator, is a methodology to automatically assess to which level a semantic resource or ontology respects the FAIR Principles. This talk will present the online tool implementing O’FAIRe within the AgroPortal ontology repository, through 61 questions/tests, among 80% are based on the ontology metadata description. For a specific ontology or a group of semantic resources, O’FAIRe web service outputs both global and detailed scores (normalized) against the 15 FAIR Principles. O’FAIRe results are visualized and explained with new specific user-friendly interfaces (such as the FAIRness wheel) in order to help AgroPortal users improve the FAIRness of their resources. O’FAIRe is currently implemented in three different public ontology repositories as they offer the required metadata descriptions. In the future, we will deploy the service in other OntoPortal repositories.
Slides: Slides[tentative link]

3rd ESAO Webinar on Sep 20, 2022

September 2022 brings about the third of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00 EDT / 16:00 CEST
Torsten Hahmann,   School of Computing and Information Science, University of Maine
Where am I? Spatial knowledge in ontologies
Abstract: Many of the things we describe in ontologies are objects or processes located in physical space. Examples of questions with a location or other spatial component include: Where is the start of the trail? What is the address I need to go to? Where again did I put my keys? How large is the property? Where is the conference happening? Where did you see the whale? To capture such spatial information, ontologies provide a variety of mechanism that range from vague, qualitative descriptions (e.g. "after the bridge", "on my desk", "in the Gulf of Maine"), to more precise locations ("947 Broadway", "Sherbrooke (QC)") or even quantitative description ("1km East from here", "400 sq m"). This talk will take the listener through different ways that are available to describe space and locations that range from concepts provided by top-level ontologies to more specialized spatial and geospatial ontologies for the Semantic Web.
Slides: PDF (ca. 2.2 MB) [tentative link]
  • 10:30 EDT / 16:30 CEST
Janna Hastings,   School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, and the Institute for Implementation Science in Health Care, University of Zurich
The role of ontologies in data science in support of discovery research
Abstract: Data science encompasses a wide range of methods which aim to interpret and extract meaning, and new knowledge, from data. For data-driven discovery research, the quality and suitability of the statistical approaches are usually the focus of efforts to derive new knowledge, while ontologies are assumed to be relevant mainly for purposes of standardisation and exchange of existing knowledge, i.e. subsequent to the discovery process. In this presentation, I will discuss the role of ontologies and other pre-existing formal representations of knowledge in the science of making new discoveries from data, why this role is often overlooked, and how this might change as the science of the future becomes better integrated between humans and machines. I will illustrate with some examples taken from different domains: metabolism and behaviour.
Slides: PDF (ca. 2.5 MB) [tentative link]

2nd ESAO Webinar on Jul 19, 2022

July 2022 brings about the second of the regular webinar sessions.

When and how to connect

Program

  • 10:00 EDT / 16:00 CEST
Roberta Ferrario,   Institute for Cognitive Sciences and Technologies of the CNR (ISTC-CNR), Laboratory for Applied Ontology (LOA), Trento, Italy
The theory of variable embodiment and the modeling of organisational change
Abstract: How can organisations survive not only the substitution of members, but also other dramatic changes, like that of the norms regulating their activities, the goals they plan to achieve, or the system of roles that compose them? These are some of the classical questions an ontology of organisations should be able to answer. I will briefly present Kit Fine’s notions of rigid and variable embodiment and propose an integration aimed at addressing the issue of re-identification of organisations through change.
  • 10:30 EDT / 16:30 CEST
Paweł Garbacz,   John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland
Applied ontologies as evolving artefacts. Why and how should you take care of managing ontology development?
Abstract: If you think of an applied ontology as a dynamic informational artefact that is being developed over time, then you might want to consider a framework which would allow you to track the history of its lifecycle, test the changes it undergoes, and control its quality. These challenges are similar to challenges faced in bog-standard software development. In my presentation, I will show how the well-known software tools, including Continuous Integration platforms, version control systems, testing platforms, and review workflows, may address these challenges.

1st ESAO Webinar on Nov 9, 2021

After the ESAO Launch Day, the first of the regular webinar sessions is held on November 9th.

Program

  • 11:00 EST / 17:00 CET
Adrien Barton,   Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT) - CNRS, France
Ontological realism: A philosophical overview
Abstract: Some applied ontologies explicitly adhere to a position named “ontological realism”. In this presentation, I will locate “ontological realism” within the landscape of the various forms of realism that have been proposed in metaphysics and philosophy of science, among which there are Platonic realism, Aristotelian realism, scientific realism, entity realism and structural realism.
Slides: PDF (ca. 3.3 MB) [tentative link]
  • 11:30 EST / 17:30 CET
Lars Vogt,   Leibniz Information Center for Science & Technology (TIB), Germany
Boundaries and natural units
Abstract: I will present the concept of bona fide and fiat boundaries and review the problems involved with this approach for demarcating natural units, with examples from the life sciences, focussing on issues revolving around granularity and frames of reference. I will then introduce an alternative approach that focusses on the concept of causal unity.
Slides: PDF (ca. 6.3 MB) [tentative link]


Feedback

  • mini survey: Google Form (4 questions)     open until Wed, Nov 10 (anywhere)


ESAO Launch Day on Sep 10, 2021

The new series was launched with an agglomeration of webinar sessions, most of which demonstrate the intended format of short tutorials followed by discussion. This was bordered by a short introduction and a bar camp session at the end.

While information on the Launch Day will be archived in this wiki at a later point, for the time being there is an ESAO Launch Day website that offers detailed information at the state of Sep 10, 2021. If you are interested, please move on to https://esao2021.inf.unibz.it/. 

As of November 2021, we continue to work on archiving the Launch Day sessions and making them accessible through this wiki. Please stay tuned and return here in a few weeks.
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